1.   Epizeuxis- repetition of one word (for emphasis)

§  The United States is always at war. All we do is fight, fight, fight.

§  Alone, alone, all alone, Alone on a wide wide sea.

2.   Eponym - substitutes for a particular attribute the name of a famous person recognized for that    attribute.

·       We all must realize Uncle Sam is not supposed to be Santa Claus.

·       An earthworm is the Hercules of the soil.

3.   Exemplum - citing an example; using an illustrative story, either true or fictitious

·       •Let me give you an example. In the early 1920's in Germany, the government let the printing presses turn out endless quantities of paper money, and soon, instead of 50-pfennige postage stamps, denominations up to 50 billion marks were being issued.

·       An instance, a typical situation, a common example, to illustrate, let’s consider the situation.

4.   Sentential Adverb - is a single word or short phrase used to lend emphasis to the words immediately proximate to the adverb. (We emphasize the words on each side of a pause or interruption in order to maintain continuity of the thought.) For Example:

 

c      But the lake was not drained before April.

ü But the lake was not, in fact, drained before April.

o  Sentential adverbs are most frequently placed near the beginning of a sentence, where important material has been placed:

 

§  •All truth is not, indeed, of equal importance; but if little violations are allowed, every violation will in time be thought little.

 

o  Sometimes they are placed at the very beginning of a sentence, thereby serving as signals that the whole sentence is especially important        .

§  In short, the cobbler had neglected his soul.

o  In a few instances, especially with short sentences, the sentential adverb can be placed last.

§  Harold won, of course.

o  in fact, of course, indeed, I think, without doubt, to be sure, naturally, it seems, after all, for all that, in brief, on the whole, in short, to tell the truth, in any event, clearly, I suppose, I hope, at least, assuredly, certainly, remarkably, importantly, definitely.

5.   Hyperbaton- includes several rhetorical devices involving departure from normal word order.

·       She had a personality indescribable.

·        •His was a countenance sad.

ü make sure the phrase is not affected:

c      Welcome to our home comfortable.

c       That is a story amazing.